Sentence examples for evolving strains from inspiring English sources
An alternate explanation is that evolving strains drift under immune selective pressure until mutations have accumulated to the point where a novel genetic variant phenotype becomes established and evade from pre-established host immunity [35].
In line with the expectation of a generalist-specialist tradeoff, evolving strains have also specialized for aspects of their static environment.
PFGE have also been widely employed to investigate the epidemiological and genotypic relatedness of ESBL-producing bacteria [ 1] and to track evolving strains implicated in various geographic regions [ 6].
Together, our results thus suggest that closely related ranavirus strains are able to induce variable degrees of mortality and infection in their amphibian hosts, a situation likely to be occurring in the field where different types of selective pressures may act together to create a diverse panel of closely related evolving strains of fast replicating viruses.
As far as we know, this is the first example of reproducible trajectories to adaptation to mutations that severely compromise a cellular function, and it will be interesting to see if evolving strains, adapting to severe perturbations in other pathways will also lead to reproducible trajectories.
It was possible to maintain very low stress and measure the evolving strain with time.
Fold change between un-evolved and evolved strains was evaluated by the 2 – ΔΔCT method.
The un-evolved and evolved strains were cultivated until exponential growth phase in YNB medium containing glucose as carbon source.
The un-evolved and evolved strains were grown to exponential growth phase in YNB medium containing glucose as the sole carbon source.
We backcrossed the evolved strains to the ancestor strain and found 80 putative causal mutations among the 12 clones.
When transferred into the ancestral strain, the gal80 mutations conferred the fitness advantage that the evolved strains show in the transition from glucose to galactose.
