A high concordance between ESR1 mutations that evolved in PDX and human tumors bolsters our confidence in using PDX as a reliable model for evaluating novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of endocrine therapy resistance that evolved in the background of ESR1 mutations.
However, in the case of an allopolyploid, the DNA sequences to be compared to those of the parental diploid species have evolved in the same genomic background with potential consequences that are not completely understood yet [33] [38].
We present simulations of single flexible filaments, as well as multiple interacting filaments, evolving in a background shear flow.
It is found that although the past tectonic phase in the Indian peninsula has been one of general emergence, the present coastal geomorphology of India has evolved largely in the background of the postglacial transgression over the pre-existing topography of the offshore zones, shore, and coast.
From the beginning, life has evolved in the presence of natural background ionizing radiation.
Life has evolved in the midst of a continuous background radiation dose-rate that varies depending on local geological formation and can be further affected by nuclear reactor accidents and nuclear weapons detonations (Hall et al. 2009).
Some background notes: The art of Bunraku evolved in the early 18th century, coming after the Kabuki dance theater and somewhat before the Kabuki theater of drama.
In accordance with the growth curves, these competitions show that the citT mutation would be highly deleterious to fitness if it evolved in a genetic background without the gltA1 mutation.
However, no study, as far as we know from the literature, has elucidated the "biochemical basis" detailing how hair-melanin contents evolve in harmony with background color.
All these data indicated that each family identified in both species originated from the same ancestral transposon and could be recognized as the same transposon evolving in two very different genomic backgrounds.
