In essence, fairness evolves in spite of spite, when players start out using different strategies.
Yes, it's true: we are evolving, in spite of any evidence to the contrary.
Despite considerable advances in the field, a hotly debated question remains whether speciation always requires geographic separation or instead can evolve in spite of gene flow [ 4, 6- 12].
He's very highly evolved, but in spite of that, he can still get drunk and go to a brothel and have a good time".
It's more like "in spite of".
The exchange of ideas and a vision for the future is why Israel has evolved so rapidly, in spite of a dearth of natural resources and the constant threat of war and terror.
However, as mentioned above, we have found the F-males to evolve reduced harming ability in spite of evolving larger body size, indicating their reduced investment in reproductive behaviour and/or physiology.
Taken together with several related studies from the same area [ 29, 30] this indicates that these traits can evolve rapidly and in spite of conditions that are generally assumed to constrain adaptation.
The advantage of AI approaches is that they can be easily applied to learn from examples and to evolve suitable prophesy models in spite of the limited understanding of the underlying molecular processes.
The first surprise is that the HeLa genome has been "remarkably stable," Collins says, in spite of evolving for 6 decades in different laboratories around the world.
