Sentence examples for evolve under constraint from inspiring English sources

With the bootstrapped AR as a control, 9.4% of the 12mers are estimated to evolve under constraint.

Another consequence of the observation that 4-fold degenerate sites evolve under constraint is that this divergence will not represent an unbiased distance metric, and this is particularly so if the level of constraint varies among lineages.

Taken together, these analyses clearly show that TAAR pseudogenes evolve without constraint and TAAR with intact ORF evolve under constraint, making it very unlikely that the observed functional differences result from intact but non-functional TAAR in primates.

Using the AR dataset as a control, we estimate that 7.4% of the 12mers in the ENCODE regions show an excess of high LO scores, and therefore likely evolve under constraint.

Thus, in stark contrast to TRIM41 and its RING domain that has been evolving under constraint, we find that TRIM52 has been rapidly evolving throughout primate history, with much of that selection acting on the expanded RING domain.

These models are powerful because they capture higher order correlations induced by mutations evolving under constraints and help quantify the connections between protein sequence, structure, and function maintained through evolution.

Dictated by the need of an organism, these loops have evolved under constraints, weaker than those for a protein core yet strong enough to preserve the overall structure, for fulfilling the specific requirement of the organism.

The main conclusion from this study is that 4-fold degenerate sites of avian genes evolve under significant constraint, at least when constraint is estimated using divergence in ARs as a neutral reference.

Earlier examples of genome reduction had been restricted to endosymbionts or pathogens with a host-dependent lifestyle, which evolve under the constraint of frequent population bottlenecks with a subsequent increase in genetic drift [ 2, 3, 26- 29].

The mean pairwise ratio of dN/dS was calculated and used to examine whether the sequences evolve under purifying constraint (dN/dS < 1) or positive selection for amino acid changes (dN/dS > 1).

We utilized the same dipteran dsx OD1-OD2 combinucleotidetide sequences to perform an analysis of the nucleotide variation across corresponding coding regions to examine whether the sequences evolve under purifying constraint or positive selection for amino acid changes.