It tells us how evolutionary change or "passage from one stage of difference to another and higher stage" (Darwin 1859/1964) is possible.
Men are fighting each other, and showing off to the girls, in a competition whose prize is, in an evolutionary sense, immortality itself the passage of their genes to the next generation.To stake a claim in the afterlife, as any religion will tell you, you must make sacrifices in the present one.
This crucial passage in evolutionary theory, which has to do with scale shifting, is perhaps difficult to grasp and hold.
That is to say, evolutionary trees indicate the passage of time beginning from the root (oldest) to the terminal nodes (youngest).
Examples of evolutionary engineering include successive passage for metabolic evolution [ 7- 9], physical and chemical mutagenesis [ 10], global transcription machinery engineering [ 2, 11], artificial transcription factors engineering [ 12, 13], and ribosome engineering [ 14].
One could make similar objections at least to his passages about evolutionary biology and psychology, and at times, such disdaining of evidence and counter argument can make the book feel like an exercise in preaching to the converted.
Note, that M. leprae has a atypical genome within the CMNR group: a large number of pseudogenes, accumulation of insertion sequence, lowered G + C content, which all are hallmarks of reductive evolution, and may reflect passage through an evolutionary bottleneck [ 24].
