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"Hypsilophodontidae" and "hypsilophodont" are better understood as informal terms for an evolutionary grade, not a true clade.
The Anopla ("unarmed") represent an evolutionary grade of nemerteans without stylets (comprising the Heteronemertea and the Palaeonemerteans), while Enopla ("armed") are monophyletic, but find that Palaeonemertea is doubly paraphyletic, haven given rise to both the Heteronemertea and the Enopla.
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Just as species types came under scrutiny, so did the concept of evolutionary grades which had up to this point made clear distinctions between the categories of ape and human.
Prosimii is one of the two traditional primate suborders and is based on evolutionary grades (groups united by anatomical traits) rather than phylogenetic clades, while the Strepsirrhini-Haplorrhini taxonomy was based on evolutionary relationships.
In the teacher's textbook of the first grade, there is a reference to the "evolutionary course of plants," but there are no other relevant explanations.
When I studied evolutionary biology in 10th grade, the science behind phrases like "survival of the fittest" became clear to me.
In one case (CT spring 2010), the pretest results were very high, possibly because these students have been taught relevant evolutionary concepts in the grade 10 curriculum.
The first of these panels was Expanding Curricular Opportunities to Introduce Evolutionary Thinking Across the Grade Spans.
In cladistic phylogeny one can reasonably speak of eukaryotes being nested within bacteria (lower case, referring to a grade); in evolutionary taxonomy, which takes into account both branching order and the magnitude of phenotypic differences, saying this is wrong; one has to say eukaryotes are derived from the kingdom Bacteria, not nested within it.
This result suggests a common evolutionary pathway for low-grade invasive and in situ lesions [1].
Yeast reacts differentially to different oxidants, which depends on the type of free radical released, but also on the oxidant's redox (Nearnst) potential, its primary targets, and different grades of evolutionary adaptation (Thorpe et al., 2004).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com