Sentence examples for evolutionary cost to from inspiring English sources

Of course, some bacteria will eventually become resistant to spectinomycin and other old antibiotics, but Lee believes that it is possible to design these drugs so this comes at an evolutionary cost to the bacteria.

Thomas Finger, a neurobiologist at the University of Colorado's Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center in Aurora, who was not involved in the research, said the study was "pretty impressive". Now he wonders whether the lack of working sweet genes is a sign that there's an evolutionary cost to maintaining an essentially useless taste receptor.

The success of a specialist on its matched mosquito line was negatively correlated with its success on other lines, suggesting an evolutionary cost to specialization.

Leadley et al. [ 18] suggested that the maintenance of this pathway in proto-eukaryotes would have meant a high evolutionary cost, due to the need to preserve also the enzymes capable of producing coenzyme B12, and at the same time, the existence of other pathways for propionate utilization may have superceded the selective pressure for preserving this metabolic route.

Instead of exclusively trading virulence off with host-to-host transmission, pathogens could also improve their performance within the hosts by being more benign, or they might pay an evolutionary cost of adapting to fluctuations between within-host and non-host situations.

We identified amplification as a potent and scalable response mechanism with a high evolutionary cost, most likely leading to its transient presence in the adapting populations.

We also demonstrate a weak evolutionary cost of resistance, but fail to detect any cost of tolerance.

Evolutionary costs of resistance to the Hudson River population of tomcod have yet to be identified, although the effects of coexposures to metals and BaP or PCB-77 are often different than those from either contaminant alone (Sorrentino et al. 2004, 2005).

PPM attempts to measure the evolutionary cost of transforming one structure into another by means of residue substitutions, insertions and deletions, thus emulating amino acid sequence comparison using amino acid exchange matrices and gap penalties [23].

Several hypothesizes has also been put forward to explain the variation in the size of intergenic DNA, ranging from the notion that the unnecessary "junk" DNA is not really unnecessary at all [ 3] to the suggestion that the evolutionary cost of carrying junk DNA is so minimal that the negative selective consequences may be disregarded.

We suggest that it might be possible to do so by manipulating the environment in a way that increases the sensitivity of resistant mosquitoes to insecticides and that increases the evolutionary cost of resistance.