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We next subject NpR3784 GAF to multiple rounds of molecular evolution, which resulted in the first CBCR-derived NIR FP.
The first strategy was error-prone PCR based directed evolution, which resulted in a YlLip2 variant with a 2.5-fold longer half-life of thermal inactivation at 50 °C compared to the wild-type enzyme.
They both have gone through reductive evolution which resulted in either mitosomes in Giardia (Tovar et al. 2003) or hydrogenosomes in Trichomonas (Dyall et al. 2004).
Our analysis of the archaeal superkingdom yields the dominating mechanisms in different periods of protein evolution, which resulted in several levels of the organization of biochemical function.
This protein was then subjected to molecular-directed evolution, which resulted in several new FPs, ranging in colour from yellow to dark red (the 'mFruits'; Shaner et al., 2004).
To examine the efficacy of the core set approach, we simulated a Markov process of sequence evolution, which resulted in the same phylogenetic tree as the core-set tree derived from the 164 mitochondrial COI and COII DNA sequences of Anopheles dirus (Fig. 4a).
Similar(53)
The fourth way to be similar is through convergent or parallel evolution, which results in homoplasy, as was discussed earlier.
Convergent phenotypic evolution, which results from similar selection pressures in independent lineages, is a common, undisputed property of animal and plant evolution.
Newly arising variants of a satellite DNA can rapidly replace previous copies due to concerted evolution, which results in intraspecific sequence homogenization (Plohl, 2010).
The observations of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) exclude the effects of martensitic transformation, creep, oxidation, and precipitations on these stress responses and microstructure evolutions, which result from DSA appearing at 550 °C.
We propose that the deletion event that simultaneously removed the mutH, rppH, and part of the galR genes, mainly responsible for the faster growth (4x) in glucose, occurred as one of the initial events in the adaptive laboratory evolution process which resulted in the evolved PB12 strain.
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