The difference in the recombination pattern of M. reevesi from other mammals indicates that the regulation mechanism underlying homologous recombination is different between species and also highlights the need for studies on more species to understand the evolution of the regulation of homologous recombination.
Our findings support the hypothesis that adaptive evolution of the regulation of duplicated genes has played a significant role in human evolution.
Our study is focused on Buchnera aphidicola, the primary endosymbiont of aphids, and one of the most studied obligate intracellular bacteria of insects, and analyzes the evolution of the regulation of gene expression in the context of intracellular symbiosis.
The fact that transcription factors diverge quickly between species supports the belief that the evolution of gene regulation is the major contributor to the phenotypic differences between species [4].
Therefore, this paper discusses some biological background, theoretical principles and bioinformatics approaches to investigate the evolution of gene regulation, using three regulators of the cellular state of pluripotency as an example and revealing new insights into evolution of pluripotency.
Despite extensive research little is known regarding the evolution of the G1/S transcription regulation including the co-evolution of the DNA binding domains with their respective DNA binding sequences.
Gene duplications played an important role in the evolution of higher vertebrates, since the gene copies allowed an evolution of the function and regulation of genes without destroying the primary function of the gene which was copied [ 11].
Data integration allows to investigate the evolution of gene regulation of the pluripotency-associated genes Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog.
To investigate the evolution of gene regulation of the pluripotency factors Oct4 (Pou5f1), Sox2 and Nanog, we first conducted a literature survey of their phylogenetic history and expression patterns.
As far as the authors are aware, ReXSpecies is the only tool attempting to directly infer the evolution of gene regulation from the DNA perspective (that is, the gain (and loss) of regulatory elements and modules in phylogenetic history).
