And antibiotics should not be overused, they say, because that contributes to the evolution of resistance.
The endpoint of the evolution of resistance is a bug that can shrug off all currently available antibiotics, making it totally drug-resistant — T.D.R.-TB.
Dr. David Andow, an ecologist at the University of Minnesota who studies the evolution of resistance to pesticides, called the measures "a real step forward".
This measure is meant to slow the evolution of resistance to the Bt toxin, one of the few natural insecticides available to organic farmers.
That would be good, but would almost certainly result in the evolution of resistance in due course.
Rapid evolution of resistance to known antimalarials is a major issue [46].
Vivax malaria represents an entirely different mechanism for evolution of resistance and susceptibility.
Independent evolution of resistance in different populations appears common but not universal.
The most important result is that transmission intensity does not directly affect the evolution of resistance.
The evolution of resistance is more complex and affected by all five effectors.
On the other hand, the greater the fitness costs, the slower the evolution of resistance occurs.
