Sentence examples for evolution of offspring from inspiring English sources

This last result suggests evolutionary robustness [44] in PI and an important role for stochastic evolutionary processes, such as mutation or migration, and environmental fluctuations facilitating the original evolution of offspring solicitation and parental sensitivity [15], [20].

If antagonistic co-adaptation drives the evolution of offspring solicitation, begging costs during the offspring stage are not necessary for evolutionary stability, and the evolved (neutrally stable) solicitation level is determined by the sensitivity expressed in the parental stage.

It is an alternative, albeit not mutually exclusive, hypothesis for the evolution of offspring solicitation focused on co-evolving and interacting behavioral reaction norms [27], the resulting intergenomic epistasis for fitness and the co-adaptation of offspring and parental strategies within genomes.

The evolution of offspring characters that influence PI is traditionally understood as the phenotypic, and usually costly, manifestation of resolved conflict between parents and their offspring over PI [1] [4], [12], driven either by sibling rivalry [13] or parental preference [14].

Hybridization can be of great importance to the ecological adaptation and subsequent evolution of offspring because of the novel genetic recombination and spatial selection [ 38- 40].

Clearly further functional studies are required to test the above models and identify additional mechanisms acquired or modified during evolution of offspring formation in Epulopiscium.

The major predictions of conflict resolution theory have received experimental support overall [e.g.], [12,15], but it is also becoming increasingly clear that it does not capture a number of critical aspect in the co-evolution of offspring and parental behaviors [15].

Only once parents evolve sensitivity to an otherwise selectively neutral offspring cue, can the evolution of an offspring signal originate [47].

While our model is on the evolution of parent-offspring interactions and offspring solicitation, antagonistic selection across the offspring and parental life-stage can play an important role in life-history evolution in general, whenever trade-offs differentially affect fitness components to the offspring versus the parental life-stage.

But evolution favors the production of offspring, so why would some species abandon reproduction?

(F) Nest predation influences evolution of fledging age and growth rates of offspring with consequences for relative development when young fledge, which thereby influences locomotor performance and fledgling mortality.