For example, the eminent philosopher William Frankena treats the principle of beneficence as being divisible in four parts: a - One ought not inflict evil or harm; b - One ought to prevent evil or harm; c - One ought to remove evil or harm; d - One ought to do or promote the good [ 19].
Dr. Ismail Ali Muhammad, a senior Al-Azhar scholar: The Jews, "a source of evil and harm in all human societies".
Many combs, hairpins, and other utensils dating from the predynastic and early dynastic periods have been found at various sites, and to the same period probably belong some crudely carved nude female figures that were likely worn as amulets to ward off evil or harm.
The final characteristic of morality — that it has the lessening of evil or harm as its goal — is also somewhat controversial.
"Morality is an informal public system applying to all rational persons, governing behavior that affects others, and has the lessening of evil or harm as its goal".
In Gert's theory, the general goal of morality is to minimize the causation of evil or harm, not to promote good.
Defending of extremist leaders is clearly evident here: ● [May Allah tala protect our sheikh and keep him away from all evil and harm, May he make his affairs easy for him ameen.
I think it's ridiculous for a citizen of a country that view his government's duty to protect me, protect all of us from evil, from harm, from terrorists, from foreign powers meaning ill — to classify a body of government that is designed to figure out what might hit us next and prevent it, throwing them into an evil bucket is just thoughtless.
This morality encompasses both rules of obligation (e.g., do not kill or cause suffering for others, tell the truth, keep promises, do not steal, prevent evil or harm from occurring, rescue persons in danger, do not punish the innocent, obey the law, treat all persons with equal moral consideration, etc).
Gert begins his account with the claim that the whole point and purpose of morality is to lessen the amount of evil or harm suffered in the world [2004, p. 26], a goal similar to that posited by Beauchamp and Childress.
