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The empirical evidence of dependence is inconclusive in these studies.
"I do not think caffeine shows any evidence of dependence," concludes Nehlig.
Several studies have also established statistical evidence of dependence between the occurrences of the spikes of several neurons (see [5, 6, 13 15]) or even within a given neuron.
The participants were heavy drinkers (geometric mean past week's alcohol consumption at baseline 46.0 (SD 31.2) units), drinking most days, binge drinking, and regularly drinking above recommended limits (Figure 2, baseline), but reported little evidence of dependence.
We did not find evidence of dependence.
A small average non-rejection rate therefore implies strong evidence of dependence.
Similar(50)
While this means the control group is not ideally matched, there is no consistent evidence of dependences of volatile breath composition on sex (Kwak and Preti, 2011; Ellis and Mayhew, 2014).
The model is applied to daily returns on all 100 constituents of the S&P 100 index, and we find significant evidence of tail dependence, heterogeneous dependence, and asymmetric dependence, with dependence being stronger in crashes than in booms.
For local dependence, values above |.30| were considered evidence of local dependence (Bond and Fox 2015).
There is evidence of positive dependence in returns on gold and silver, but investors cannot easily capitalize on the dependence (Solt and Swanson, 1981).
Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M. Range size body size relationships: evidence of scale dependence.
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