From this information it is clear that the direction of sex-biased gene expression remains robust, even when genes demonstrating small sex differences in expression are not considered.
Even when GWAS demonstrated a strong association, there may not be any clinical utility [ 6].
Generally speaking, plant behaviour is still assumed to be rather rigid, stereotyped and inflexible, and even when plants demonstrate cognitive competences such as the ability to learn, for example, their learning capacity is widely considered to be fully pre-programmed.
These always looked either easy or even quite fun when demonstrated by Rory.
Even when compelling evidence emerges demonstrating that an existing practice is questionable or even detrimental, established practices and policies may not change [ 82].
Centuries of sexism, they argue, mean that "even when possessing and demonstrating leadership behavior that is superior to others in the group, women leaders may sometimes prefer to cede the formal leadership role to men in the group because they, too, believe that being male or masculine is more leaderlike".
Bright and Murphy [ 2013] have previously established that CVR can be reliably quantified with breath-hold tasks, even when poorly performed, demonstrating that this approach is useful in patients who may not comply fully with the task.
This survey demonstrates that even when such evidence exists, it may not be implemented.
When I spoke to Scottish theatre-maker Rob Drummond earlier this year, he highlighted the absurdity of a situation in which people got money to research and develop a production and yet even when they could demonstrate that the R&D was a good investment, they couldn't secure further funds to bring the show into full production.
It was the same story at the Metropolitan police, which until recently showed no interest at all in pursuing anyone bar the lone "rotten apple" at the heart of the News of the World – even when it was demonstrated that the criminal behaviour was far more widespread.
