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This study detected multiple novel loci and candidate genes related to rice morphological traits, and the work demonstrated that genome-wide association studies are powerful strategies for uncovering the genetic variations of complex traits and identifying candidate genes in rice, even though the linkage disequilibrium decayed slowly in self-pollinating species.
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Even though the main linkage in the heterotypic polyUb chains was through K11, the formation of small percentages of K48 linkages allowed conjugates to bind to the proteasome in vitro.
This strategy produced a ribozyme containing triazole linkage B. The click hammerhead ribozyme cleaved its substrate with similar efficiency and specificity to the native ribozyme, confirming the biocompatibility of the triazole linkage, even though the unnatural triazole linkage is located at the active site between residues C3 and U4 of the ribozyme.
On occasion, though, the linkages between past, present and future are too minimal or hard to grasp, and the speaker is forced to admit that "there's nothing / but a vague skein like silk or torchlight / connecting this to that".
Even though the number of linkage groups defined in this study were the same as expected for chickpea haploid number (n = 8) the density of the markers indicated the need to add more markers to the small groups which would then coalesce and be integrated to construct the detailed genetic linkage map.
Even though the extent of linkage disequilibrium between HLA-A3 and HLA-DRB1*1501 is modest (D′ = 0.3, r = 0.14) the original study by Naito et al. (1972), which included 94 cases and 871 controls, had >50% power to identify association with A3 at the 5% level.
Even though our linkage analyses used autism subphenotypes rather than the categorical diagnosis, to reduce genetic (locus) heterogeneity, families were included in the linkage analysis if they had at least two individuals diagnosed with ASD.
Hence, the significance of the test drops, reducing power, even though the marker is still in linkage with the QTL.
By contrast, formation of 11N and 24N suggested possible condensation of the structure of the resulting lignin-derived polymer in the termite feces, even though the abundant β- O-4' interunit linkage and most of its original aromatic residues were retained, wand were probably interconnected by additional interunit linkages.
However, it must be acknowledged that even though the assignment of markers in linkage groups is robust, none of the available algorithms used for ordering markers provides an accurate positioning of closely spaced markers due to the relatively low number of meioses represented in our sample size.
Even though we found the linkage to IRA2 locus and significant correlation between IRA2 allele replacement data and the affinity score of Puf2p, no evidence has been reported for a connection between them in the literature thus far.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com