Even at a concentration of only 3wtt% of p-phenyleneterephthalamide ester units dimensionally stable polymers with a relatively high melting temperature were formed.
The compound 4c did not show any significant decrease in the cell viability even at a concentration of 300 μM indicating that its cytotoxicity and hepatotoxicity are significantly lesser compared to tacrine, due to the chemical modification.
Interestingly, this compound induced ultrastructural alterations, as seen by transmission electron microscopy, in which vacuolisation and a structural appearance resembling multivesicular bodies were observed even at a concentration as low as 0.2 μg/mL.
Due to the combined bactericidal effect of Ag+ and cationic polymers, Ag/QNDs-containing composites had an excellent antibacterial activity even at a concentration of 1.0 wt% but without significant cytotoxicity.
Even at a concentration as high as 9.0 M, the absolute viscosity of the LiNO3 aqueous solution is only 2.4, while that of the Li2SO4 aqueous solution achieves 3.0 at the maximum concentration of 2.5 M.
When diethyl fumarate (DEF) was used as the comonomer, a bridging flocculation occurred even at a concentration of UPDS below the critical micelle concentration (c.m.c)., because the copolymer of UPDS with DEF is soluble in water.
The ETPB catalyst is highly efficient: even at a concentration as low as 50 ppm, it is able to promote the grafting reaction to obtain the maximum achievable properties.
It was known, however, from tests on various birds, that each of the poisons was from four to fifty times as toxic as DDT, which had killed some birds and many fish even at a concentration of one pound per acre.
Owing to the abundant amount of barcode DNAs, the presence of B. anthracis, F. tularensis, Y. pestis, Vaccinia virus was confirmed with a limit of detection of 50 CFU/mL, while Botulinum toxin A was analyzed even at a concentration of 12.5 ag/mL.
However, total inhibition was impossible to achieve even at a concentration of 8000 ppm of one of the best polymers at a subcooling of 3.4 °C, tentatively suggesting that polymer adsorption onto natural gas hydrate crystal surfaces is probably not the primary mechanism of kinetic inhibition operating in field applications with this class of KHI.
Pectin chains showed negligible toxicity even at a concentration of 5 mg/ml.
