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The concept of SDL was first outlined in the context of adult learning [ 2] and was defined as " a process in which individuals take the initiative…in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating goals, identifying …resources for learning, choosing and implementing appropriate learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes".
Knowles defined SDL as a process in which individuals take the initiative, with or without the help of others, to diagnose their learning needs, formulate learning goals, identify human and material resources for learning, choosing and implementing appropriate learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes [ 8].
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Huang et al. (2012) considered a smart learning environment is high-level digital environment that realizes learning context awareness, recognizes learner's characteristic, provides adaptive learning resources and convenient interactive tools, records learning process automatically and evaluates learning outcomes.
Knowles (1975) described self-directed learning as a process in which individuals take the initiative, with or without the help of others, to diagnose their learning needs, formulate learning goals, identify the learning resources, select and implement learning strategies, and evaluate learning outcomes.
The problem is that Grit in itself isn't necessarily a good thing, especially within a system that evaluates learning outcomes with standardized assessments.
We evaluated learning outcomes using a 94 item multiple choice question (MCQ) certifying examination administered at the end of the course.
In this research we developed an instrument with which to evaluate final class projects, and assess learning outcomes of beginning and advanced studios, special topics classes and Geodesign modules.
A secondary objective was to establish a baseline for evaluating longitudinal learning outcomes after introducing enhanced CAM instruction.
VET students can self-evaluate their learning outcomes.
After the implementation, a questionnaire was used to evaluate the learning outcomes.
Finally, we evaluated student learning outcomes and student motivation with our application.
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