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The main difference between the drift-flux model and the homogeneous model is that the drift-flux model considers slip in evaluating phase holdup and velocity.
Once the best timing point t ̂ f has been identified, the carrier frequency offset (in subcarrier spacings) f Δ can be directly estimated by evaluating ϕ ̂, phase difference between the two halves of the received preamble, in radians, estimated at t ̂ f as ϕ ̂ = ( P t, t ̂ f ).
To evaluate the pulsatile flow, the phase difference value was integrated within the blood vessels numbered 1 and 2 in Fig. 4(b), respectively.
An efficient measure of these interactions is the phase synchronization of the EEG signals, evaluated by investigating their phase difference.
Thus, we can also use the standard deviation of the phase difference to evaluate the operator's skill quantitatively.
Therefore, the phase difference was evaluated between the corresponding A-scans in consecutive B-scans.
In this study, fatigue crack propagation tests under biaxial loading with six different phase and loading conditions are performed and the effect of the phase difference under biaxial loading is evaluated.
Parameters such as vibration velocity in root mean square (rms), force and the phase difference between these two quantities were evaluated.
In the segmentation phase, we evaluate the difference between the texture synthesized thanks to the model and the texture analyzed in the image (Figure 3(f)).
Inter-channel phase difference.
Residual phase difference.
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