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Our objective was to evaluate host response by comparing transcriptional profiles of cardiac valves from IE patients with controls.
To further characterize the host immune response, it will be necessary to evaluate host genetic susceptibility to the development of trichiasis.
This anti-saliva antibody response may represent a useful tool to evaluate host exposure to arthropod vectors of diseases such as ticks [4], sand flies [5], triatomines [6], tsetse flies [7], [8] and mosquitoes [9] [13].
To evaluate host gene expression changes in response to isolated expression of either vGPCR or RTA, naïve TIME cells were infected in duplicate with adenovirus constructs encoding for vGPCR, RTA, EGFP or mock infected (in triplicate).
We determined the feasibility of this system to evaluate host factors involved in HBV proliferation by targeting HNF4A and NTCP, which are important for HBV replication and infection, respectively.
To evaluate host factors that may influence urinary As reductions, we included participants with unsafe wells at baseline who switched to known safe wells (n = 1,517) because well As concentration at baseline and follow-up could be statistically held constant for this group.
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A dual-port olfactometer (Figure 1) [36] was used to evaluate host-seeking responses of female mosquitoes to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the bacterial species.
A triple cage dual-port olfactometer (Figure 1, Tupola, The Netherlands) [36] was used to evaluate host-seeking responses of female mosquitoes to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the bacterial species.
Whereas many studies have focused on the genetic identity of the symbiont, this study is one of the few to evaluate host-symbiont specificity using molecular markers for both symbiotic partners [70] [72].
Therefore, creating a simplified model with several of these key pathogens is an attractive proposition to evaluate host-pathogen interactions and test actives for treatment potential.
Comparison of field-based xenodiagnosis and direct membrane feeding assays for evaluating host infectiousness to malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.
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