In the model of inflammatory bowel disease, T cells were shown to evade immune tolerance by undergoing DC-independent activation.
After internalization, trastuzumab-HER2 complexes can evade degradation and undergo rapid and efficient recycling to the cell membrane.
Such incongruity was also observed in t(4 11) patients in whom leukemia evaded CD19-directed therapy by undergoing myeloid-lineage switch.
In this context, the emergence of TAA-negative cells able to evade immune control has been reported in melanoma patients undergoing immunological treatment [26].
This coat prevents attack by components of the innate immune system and, by undergoing antigenic variation, allows the parasite to evade a specific immune response by the host.
Influenza viruses are constantly undergoing change every 3 to 5 years, where the predominant strain is replaced by another variant strain that evades the existing antibody responses [ 39].
Co-option of host miRNAs by viruses reveal their intelligent plan to control their replication in order to evade immune elimination until they undergoes successful transmission and establish a strong infection.
TGF- β1 can upregulate survivin expression via the PI3K pathway, and this increased level of survivin promotes cell cycle progression and microtubule stability, thereby inducing cells to undergo EMT and evade apoptosis.
Trypanosoma brucei causes human African trypanosomiasis and undergoes antigenic variation to evade its mammalian host immune attack.
Although non-neoplastic aneuploidy cells would usually undergo apoptosis, cancer cells evade cell death and utilize survival mechanisms, potentially involving DMC1, to return to a sustainable ploidy state.
The bloodstream form of T. brucei is rich in galactose-containing glycoproteins, most notably the abundant variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), which protects the parasite from the complement pathway and undergoes antigenic variation to evade specific immune responses [ 72].
