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This study examines the influence of evacuation pressure on the startup and overall performance of pulsating heat pipes (PHP).
The working fluids in this study include water and HFE-7000 with filling ratios around 50%, and the evacuation pressure ranging from 0.01 Torr to atmosphere pressure.
However, the effective thermal conductivity for water-filling PHP drops appreciably with rising evacuation pressure, and the PHP is not functional at the atmosphere pressure.
However, the trend is reversed and the thermal resistance for HFE-7000 is lower than water when the evacuation pressure is increased over 100 Torr.
The evacuation pressure and evacuation time were 50 μmHg and 5 min, respectively, and the mercury filling pressure and equilibration time were 0.52 lb per square inch absolute (psia) and 10 s, respectively.
The process is a 4-step VSA cycle comprising light product pressurization (LPP), high pressure adsorption (HPA), co-current blowdown (CoBn) and countercurrent evacuation (CnEv) on 13X zeolite, and the evacuation pressure (PL) is 0.03 bar.
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After approximately 5 min of evacuation, the pressure of the microscope chamber decreased below 50 Pa, and then FT-IR measurements were started.
As of yesterday, no decision had been made whether the well would remain capped after an evacuation or pressure would first be relieved, releasing days' worth of oil into the gulf.
Due to the decrease of the oxygen content in films of higher thickness the source of O2 was found to be the rest gas atmosphere after evacuation to pressures lower than 2×10−3 Pa.
It involved cyclic pressure vacuum swings for feed pressurization and permeate evacuation, thereby increasing the transmembrane pressure difference and the feed to permeate pressure ratio.
This tightness, which is desirable for other reasons, might prevent hydrogen evacuation and cause a pressure rise in the near-field.
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