The evacuation paths, location and area of candidate shelters, and community location data were extracted using ArcGIS software 10.0 (ESRI 2010) from the map of Beijing City published by China Cartographic Publishing House in 2011 (Fig. 1a), and the population of communities was provided by the Beijing Bureau of Civil Affairs in 2010 (Fig. 1b).
We conclude that the evacuation shelter location model and solution method are effective and suitable to solve the multi-criteria shelter location problem from an urban planning perspective.
Furthermore, before the April eruptions, a series of yellow alerts (which assumed to be prepared to close schools and businesses and to evacuate when necessary, to know the plan of alternative and evacuation routes, locations of shelters and hospitals) [ 11] could have warned both physicians and families disrupted by the disaster, and therefore over-utilization is somewhat implausible.
Since there were multiple locations with no evacuation demand, vent locations furthest from the coast in both Waitemata and Manukau Harbours were selected as the minima.
Other forms of sensitivity analysis included modification for time of day, evacuation radii, vent locations, welfare facility locations, shadow evacuations and various levels of road network detail.
Among the factors influencing the evacuation effectiveness, the location of the exit doors/routes is of primary importance.
This study presents a new approach for tsunami risk evaluation regarding the association of vulnerability at location, evacuation resilience, and numerical computation of tsunami inundation depth result.
A relationship for tsunami risk analysis is proposed (Eq. 1) considering hazard intensity, vulnerability of location, evacuation resilience, and the community's degree of tsunami preparedness.
They were killed by heart attacks induced from the stress of evacuation, some in locations far from the fire's front lines.
The assumptions made are that the evacuation zones, shelter locations, and the time of strike of the hurricane are pre-determined.
