Following the ravages and atrocities of two world wars, the genocides in Europe, Cambodia and the former Yugoslavia, the ethnic purges, mass relocations and brutal dictatorships on almost every continent, in a nation most ripe for violent retaliation among blacks and whites, there was largely reconciliation -- and even forgiveness.
Just as Saddam Hussein would do decades later in the fractious city of Kirkuk, the Baathist government retaliated with a policy of ethnic and sectarian relocation, moving Yazidis into towns around Sinjar and Arabs into towns farther south, near the rich wheat and barley fields on the desert's edge.
That said, it's also one of the birthplaces of the ethnic cleansing and relocation of the Cherokee, which resulted in the deaths of 4,000 also known as the Trail of Tears.
The worst human rights abuses, rape, forced relocation of ethnic minorities and forced labour still continue at a widespread and systematic level.
Myanmar, formerly Burma, is responsible for punitive rape by soldiers, forced relocation of ethnic minorities, forced labor and conscription of children.
He is a member of the Fur tribe, who have fled their homes en masse in what appears to be a forced relocation of several ethnic groups by nomadic, armed tribes.
The systematic use of mass rape and murder to force the relocation of civilians during the "ethnic cleansing" campaigns of the civil wars accompanying the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s is a case in point, as were similar tactics used in Hutu massacres of minority Tutsi in Burundi in 1994.
Critics say the project will force the relocation of tens of thousands of ethnic minorities in the highlands of Yunnan and destroy the spawning grounds for a score of endangered fish species.
It has been estimated that rising water levels would force the relocation of 50,000 people, mostly from ethnic minorities such as the Yi, Lisu and Miao, whose way of life in the canyon has changed little for centuries.
For individuals in targeted ethnic groups in high risk areas, that included relocation to positions outside their primary clinic.
