The PANSS was originally assessed as reliable among a group of schizophrenic patients with diverse ethnicities (43% African-American, 33% European-American, 24% Hispanic-American), thus supporting this instrument's cross-ethnic reliability.
Cronbach's alphas were comparable with other samples [ 12, 13, 17], and were comparable between ethnic groups, indicating reliability in these groups.
However, to date NIPD assays have primarily been validated in white Caucasian populations and their reliability in ethnic minority populations still has to be demonstrated [ 41].
There is also a need to demonstrate the reliability of assays in different ethnic minority populations.
The CES-D has been broadly used in epidemiologic research with different racial and ethnic populations in the United States, showing similar reliability and general structure of responses among these groups [ 79].
Test retest reliability for these factors was good for all ethnic groups.
However, he finds that among Mongols and Kazakhs, facial characters were of limited reliability in assigning a pictured individual to an ethnic group [11].
This scale has demonstrated adequate reliability and validity in various settings and across ethnic backgrounds.
The reliability and validity of DSM-IV diagnoses across ethnic groups was ensured by the previous participation of all study clinicians in an international training program that included diagnosis of patients of different ethnic backgrounds [ 32].
Correlations between self-reported and measured BMI are generally high (>0.90 in all ethnic groups 9), but they are not adequate for measuring reliability, because they are testing associations rather than agreement, and are not able to identify systematic errors.
This may limit the reliability of the findings, especially as they relate to ethnic differences.
