This paper describes the application of a previously verified watershed loading model to estimate total nitrogen loading rates and relative source contributions to 74 small-medium sized embayment-type estuaries in southern New England.
The destruction caused, by two months of flash-flooding in the country's north and estuary-sized overspills along the Indus river, is on a vast scale (see article).
Aside from population size, estuary fish monitoring and the population estimates we report over two decades indicate a positive trend in population abundance.
Transgressive facies associations show an overall upward fining of grain size and include inner estuary distributary channels with minimal brackish-water or tidal influence (FA6), transition zone fluvial-tidal distributary channels (FA7), tide-dominated mid-outer estuary channel-bars (FA8), and intertidal to supratidal flat units (FA9).
The present field study examined whether recruitment of the infaunal bivalve Soletellina alba was influenced by water depth and sediment particle size in the intermittent Hopkins River estuary, southern Australia.
The four inlets, which choke the tides entering the system, together with the expansive size and shallowness of the estuary (and the associated energy dissipation) are the prominent mechanisms leading to the microtidal environment of the lagoon.
The largest 75% of the shells from the Olifants Estuary population were not significantly different in size from the MSA fossil shells (Fig. 3).
A primary concern is the relatively small number and size of estuaries that have none or low levels of all threats network 6).
The most notorious example, in South Korea, is a 20-mile (33km) seawall built to enclose a huge estuary and mudflats at Saemangeum, an area two-thirds the size of Singapore where 400,000 birds, including the spoon-billed sandpiper and Nordmann's greenshank, had fed.
Visual acuity did not differ significantly between the cohorts, but visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), an indicator of visual pattern-detection ability for stimuli of various sizes, was significantly reduced by about 30% in the estuary relative to the offshore cohort.
From £184 for two nights (up to and including New Year's Eve) Contact: 01239 851 410, www.underthethatch.co.uk On the pretty south Devon coast, close to the River Erme's wooded estuary and Bigbury-on-Sea, Helpful Holidays can offer a cosy family-size cottage, 400 yards from the good-food, real-ale Dolphin Inn on the edge of Kingston village.
