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To account for the matched design with a variable number of controls per survivor (due to further matching by previous childbirth), we used a robust sandwich variance estimator approach to estimate the standard errors of the Cox regression parameter estimates [ 14].
We follow the model assisted regression estimator approach outlined by [16], to estimate both mean county biomass and also the standard error of the mean.
One alternative is to adopt an empirical Bayes estimator approach whereby the data is used to estimate the parameters of the gamma prior distribution on θ.
The discrete-factor random-effects estimator approach provides econometricians with an easy method of jointly estimating two (or more) behaviors of interest [34].
Moreover, it significantly improves the source term closure, which is demonstrated on the basis of the optimal estimator approach and, overall, describes the investigated DNS flame with very good accuracy.
Drawing on a sample of 12,209 UK firms, we differentiate between services and manufacturing firms and, using a matching estimator approach, demonstrate that start-ups differ significantly from established firms in their innovation activities.
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Performance analysis and simulations demonstrate that the proposed estimator approaches the CRLB.
At a high SNR (≥25 dB), the BER performance achieved by the proposed estimator approaches that with perfect synchronization.
With the increase of M, the MSE of the proposed estimator approaches that of the ideal MMSE, while the MSE of LS estimator does not change.
Simulation results confirm that the performance of the proposed channel estimator approaches that of the ideal MMSE estimator asymptotically with the number M of antennas, i.e., M→∞.
The symmetric Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) will perform best compared to other estimator approaches as the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), the simplex Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), and the Particle Filter (PF).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com