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Common types of study designs in medical research are estimation of a proportion or a mean in a defined population; and hypothesis testing for a difference in two qualitative (proportions) or two quantitative outcomes (means).
In the sense that its goal is the estimation of a proportion, the new procedure resembles logit regression.
As the main endpoint was the percentage of patients with an Hb level within 10 12 g/dl (as per 2007 EMA guidelines) around 6 months of C.E.R.A. treatment, the sample size determination was based on estimation of a proportion.
A Maximum-Likelihood phylogenetic tree was generated with the alignment using PhyML 3.1.0.2 [ 67] using the LG amino acid substitution model with gamma-distributed rate variation (six categories), estimation of a proportion of invariable sites and exploring tree topologies using Nearest Neighbor Interchanges.
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In the calculation of the sample size, we would like to control the estimation error of a proportion p to be at most 0.02 (that was the difference between the estimated p and the true value of p) with a probability of at least 0.95.
A common example requiring weighted data analysis is the estimation of a population proportion.
The sample size was calculated using the formula for estimation of a single proportion [ 20], n = z*p 1-p /d.
For the patients prescribed corticosteroids whose records were examined, a sample size of 210 was considered sufficient to enable an estimation of a true proportion of patients with a drug review, with a 95% confidence interval of 6.1%.
The sample size was calculated from the total population of 1,372 patients who had been treated for at least 3 months and were aged above 18 years, using the formula for estimation of a single proportion.
In Table 2, we present different estimations of a pooled proportion (event rates) using the binomial model and the beta-binomial model.
Its quantification ability leads to an estimation of GD proportion in a sample, providing information for deciding the sample size for screening by cloning and sequencing.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com