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This is due to some inevitable estimation delay generated by the estimator when using EWMA to smooth M-Acc.
Regardless of the specific performance of estimator used, only the target acceleration estimation delay is considered, namely, Δ est = 0.2 s.
But the estimation delay still exists from (17) because it is essentially an innovation-based method.
It can be seen that the estimation delay is evident, but the sign estimation is quite accurate.
Therefore, it cannot be applied to the area where there is a strict requirement on estimation delay time.
We assume the arrival time estimation procedure at the receiver will automatically compensate for this detection and estimation delay.
Similar(49)
Direct application of these models to non lane based heterogeneous traffic condition will result in erroneous estimation of delay.
Hence, the CSI is subject to estimation, feedback, delay, and quantization errors.
The estimation of delay is perfromed under the assumption that the Doppler frequency is known in advance.
Since that, the channel uncertainty is provided by the inaccurate channel estimation, feedback delay, and so on.
Other limitations of the study include recall bias on estimation of delay.
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