Sentence examples for estimating the gradient from inspiring English sources

A discrete-time sliding mode gradient estimator is developed for estimating the gradient of the performance profile.

The Sobel edge detector uses a pair of 3 × 3 convolution masks, one estimating the gradient in the x-direction (columns) and the other estimating the gradient in the y-direction (rows).

Also, in this second output coding paradigm, the bCR-update is found to be much more efficient in estimating the gradient of the expected reward.

Here this property is utilized for estimating the gradient of an optimal control type cost function with respect to the design parameters of the controllers.

The framework proposed in this paper, which combines the two, is a systematic approach based on (1) estimating the gradient and/or the curvature on the greyscale image, (2) performing, for all the pixels of the image space, a one-to-one vote in the parameter space, and (3) weighting the vote by the significance of the derivative measure.

A basic approach for editing process is to minimize the variation of the image f over the region Γ by estimating the gradient norm ||∇f||, which is also known as Tihkonov regularization [13]: min f : Γ → R E f = ∫ Γ ∇ f 2 f ∂ Γ = f * ∂ Γ (1).

For the DHT, the transform is obtained by estimating the gradients at a single scale σ=1.5.

However, it is possible to compute a priori values for the gradients with external data from, e.g., numerical weather models or by estimating the gradients using observations from co-located GNSS sites.

In particular, we propose a general methodology for efficiently estimating the gradients using reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC).

Instead of calculating and approximating the likelihood function as in the previous methods, we focus on estimating the gradients of the likelihood function with respect to the parameters.

An Artificial Neural Network is employed as a Critic to estimate the gradient of cost-to-go function.