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Estimates of violence within the family context are difficult to obtain due to conventional perceptions, that violence within the family context is not considered violence (Yoshihama 2002).
The most recent global estimates of violence against women show that 35%% of women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual IPV or non-partner sexual violence [ 4].
Prevalence estimates of violence against children with disabilities ranged from 26.7 per cent for combined measures of violence to 20.4 per cent for physical violence and 13.7 per cent for sexual violence.
The most recent global estimates of violence against women show that 35% of women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence [ 3].
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14 The current group of risk assessment tools either provide a probabilistic estimate of violence risk in a specified time period (actuarial instruments), or allow for a professional judgment to be made on risk level (for example, low, moderate, or high) after taking into account the presence or absence of a predetermined set of factors (structured clinical judgment instruments).
According to the World report on violence and health [ 1], in 2000, the global estimate of violence-related deaths was 1.6 million.
If there is a systematic bias, such that higher response rates lead to lower or higher estimates of sexual violence, we might expect to see that in this relationship.
There are known biases in questionnaire-based estimates of sexual violence [26].
This leads to lower estimates of sexual violence than studies that include unwanted touching and verbal abuse as well as forced sex.
Estimates of sexual violence in MSM in Guatemala City are similar to comparable indicators among ever-married women (5.8% vs. 4.0%, respectively) (16).
Finally, some respondents may have been reluctant or under estimated experience of violence due to social desirability bias.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com