In Table 3, as in Table 2, estimates of return to skills (β 1) are not directly comparable, because of scale dependence.
It is only the careful implementation of these distributions with full uncertainty analysis to define confidence intervals that yields estimates of return periods with substantial probabilities for such an event to occur.
Applying different statistical methods can yield significantly different estimates of return water levels, but even the use of the same technique can produce large discrepancies, because there is subjective parameter choice at several steps in the model setup.
The omission of these nonparticipants from our findings might bias downwards our estimates of returns to postsecondary credentials since the nonparticipants are likely high school graduates and dropouts who would have had low earnings had they worked.
Yet this method also has its problems, including the likelihood that within-occupation estimates of returns to education are biased because of selection by unobserved factors into occupations; if there is differential bias between occupations, this will affect the classification.
Our estimates of returns to these credentials are at the high end of the range found in the other recent studies using state-specific administrative data and are a bit higher than (but still qualitatively consistent with) those estimated recently using national survey data.
The inherent value of natural wealth of the area is enormous, and it is that potential that attracts the predicable extraction-based, capital-intense investment that offers mesmerizing estimates of return to enterprise as far away as China and Brazil.
Business leaders in industries where labor substitution is common are encouraged to seek friction corrected estimates of return on investment.
22 Moreover, even conservative estimates of return on investment and savings of healthcare dollars for common chronic diseases suggest a robust return on a relatively minimal investment.
These findings encourage business leaders in industries where labor substitution is common to ask for friction corrected estimates of return on investment when they consider purchasing a product.
