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We then reanalyzed an empirical dataset for plethodontid salamanders to determine how inaccurate branch length estimation can affect estimates of divergence dates.
Similarly, the two species of Barbourula diverged in the Late Miocene, thus substantially predating other estimates of divergence between taxa endemic to Borneo and Palawan [5], [6], [66].
The rate is expressed in absolute time assuming independent estimates of divergence are available.
Maximum likelihood estimates of divergence time between An. funestus and An.
Demographic modeling can also provide estimates of divergence times for populations with shared ancestries.
Three runs of this program from different starting points yielded consistent estimates of divergence times.
In turn, biased estimates of evolutionary rates will lead to biased estimates of divergence times.
Point estimates of divergence times (mean of the marginal distributions) are reported in the first column of Table 3.
Molecular clock estimates of divergence were performed to corroborate the geologic timing of hypothesized isolating barriers (Table 1).
The estimates of divergence time between Barbourula and Bombina are consistent with several components of proposed biogeographic hypotheses.
Then, with estimates of divergence times between Barbourula and Bombina and within Barbourula, we evaluate these biogeographic hypotheses.
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