Sentence examples for estimates in primary from inspiring English sources
Perhaps linked to this lack of agreed approach, the methods used to derive cost and resource use, or cost-effectiveness estimates in primary studies are not consistently critiqued in this set of Cochrane reviews.
Although incidences of error and rates of patient harm have been quantified to some extent in secondary care [ 3- 7] similar estimates in primary care [ 8- 18] have been criticised as lacking in consistency and theoretical construct [ 19].
Reporting unadjusted estimates also reduces the bias of selective reporting of adjusted estimates in primary studies and the potentiality of overadjustment with multiple confounders, which may also be on the causal pathway for the effect of depression on IR, such as obesity (8).
Indeed, the choice of the behavioural parameters that we selected for the meta-analysis was also based on how arrivals in the circulating stream were estimated in primary studies.
The optimal concentration of all primary antibodies was estimated in primary human fibroblasts.
Although EDNOS is the disorder most commonly seen in secondary/tertiary care settings 9 10 and in general population samples, 11 the incidence of EDNOS has not been previously estimated in primary care.
Such indications include chronic non-cancer pain, which is defined as pain that persists beyond normal tissue healing time, which is about 3 months (with a prevalence estimate in primary care setting in the UK between 5 and 33%%) [ 33].
In addition to the multivariate meta-analysis, we also conduct a meta-regression analysis to explore the heterogeneity between the estimates reported in primary studies.
To be conservative, we assumed a correlation of 0.5 to impute missing change variance estimates in the primary analysis.
All estimates in the primary meta-analysis are from fully matched/adjusted analyses, apart from those from the study by Wysowski et al (1987).
However, in most instances such 'heterogeneity bias' is small and we judged it preferable to use maximally adjusted estimates in the primary meta-analysis, so as to minimise bias arising through confounding.
