However, in a wireless environment, the CSI at the transmitter, obtained from channel estimates fed back by the receiver, will be imperfect, due to channel estimation errors at the receiver and, in the case of a time-varying channel, the feedback delay on the return channel from the receiver to the transmitter.
Interestingly, the estimated feed intake of the basal diet was significantly higher than that of diets supplemented with 3% Squ or Sca.
Therefore, constructing a prediction model via finite element modeling (FEM) led to the conclusion that we can estimate feed cutting force and thus surface roughness.
D4 group showed the highest WG and SGR as well as the lowest estimated feed conversion rate (FCR), followed by the D5 group.
It is concluded that the change-over designs are as accurate as continuous designs in estimating feed intake and milk production responses, excluding studies with extreme treatments resulting in extensive mobilization of body fat and protein.
However, enteric methane emission per unit of estimated feed intake (dry matter or gross energy) or milk output (gross or energy corrected) was not affected by level of concentrate supplementation.
Individual-animal ADG and daily dry matter intake were used to estimate feed conversion efficiency (gain/feed, kg/kg; Table 2).
High-throughput assays to estimate feed and forage quality parameters also include compositional measurements of cellulose [ 13], total lignin and monomer content [ 14, 15], and hemicellulose content and composition [ 16, 17], which also serve as valid measurements of biofuel feedstock quality.
Body temperature was recorded in mussel mimics, and food availability was derived from in situ measurements of chlorophyll a concentration and wave heights, to estimate feeding periods at each microsite.
In the predistortion scheme, the new OFDM symbol is defined as where is the estimate fed back from the receiver.
