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These cost estimates contribute to the estimated impact of the program on hospital costs, while the program impacts on life years and QALE are used to estimate cost effectiveness.
By contrast, the one-stage approach allows 'borrowing of strength' across individuals, whereby well-determined individual estimates contribute more to the estimation of the population characteristics, and the information provided about these characteristics, in turn, helps strengthen the less well-determined individual estimates.
Research aimed to investigate (1) how both direction and distance of anchor (from anchor-free estimates) contribute to size of anchoring effect and (2) whether these effects are predictable by measures of personality traits (Big Five) and general intelligence.
Hence, factor analysis and reliability estimates contribute to the sufficiency of a measure, but do not guarantee it.
Recent estimates contribute to shape a different picture: With more than 570m farms worldwide; 90% of which run by an individual or family, which produce about 80% of the world's food.
Any uncertain individual estimates, which may be somewhat unrepresentative of the underlying 'true' values, can unduly influence estimation of the mean and variability as the uncertainty is not taken into account, i.e. individual estimates contribute in the same way irrespective of their uncertainty.
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Those estimates contributed to the corruption of LIBOR, a benchmark interest rate.
In Israel, the faulty intelligence estimates contributed to government decisions to spend tens of millions of dollars to supply gas masks to the entire population and to inoculate 17,000 emergency workers with the smallpox vaccine.
Of that, ebook sales – at their highest estimates – contributed $313 million and $192 million came from audiobooks.
The transition functions for mortality and basal area were fitted simultaneously, using the full information maximum likelihood, which produced consistent and efficient estimates contributing to increased precision of model predictions.
Heterogeneity of the individual study estimates contributing to each meta-analysis was assessed using the Cochran's Q and I statistics.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com