Are the parameter estimates valid?
If the network underlying a dataset is estimated correctly, we can estimate valid causal effects from it.
When possible the analysis aims to estimate valid measures of predictive accuracy taking into account confounding by any methodological flaws.
It is, therefore, difficult to estimate valid measures of either concept: How much access is desirable remains debatable, and large variation in opinion exists on appropriate levels of utilization for population groups.
Given the difficulties with estimating valid extinction probabilities [ 12] for most of the Creole breeds, for which the risk status is largely unknown, we chose not to include this approach in our analyses but recognize its relevance to conservation studies.
Therefore we could not calculate valid estimated glomerular filtration rates with the MDRD [ 21] study formula.
The cost per kilogram of RUTF in Zambia was estimated by Valid International.
Based on this work, we estimated that valid matches could be made for approximately one-third of the existing MA and NCIt anatomy terms.
This estimate is used as a starting point to conjecture another estimate, valid for any fitness landscape, and which is checked by numerical calculations.
This is a consequence of the estimate, valid on compact subsets K of D, that :\sup_{z\in K} |f z)| \le C_K \|f\|_2, which in turn follows from Cauchy's integral formula.
