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The variance can be estimated using the formula (16) Together with the well-known estimators (Range/4 for a normal distribution, and Range/6 for any random distribution) this formula provides a useful tool for meta-analysts.
Concentration of DNA was estimated using the formula.
Based on PER, the maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) can be estimated using the formula by Wyss et al. [23].
The volumetric strain changes caused by the source model were estimated using the formula of Okada (1992).
The carrier mobility of the devices was estimated using the formula, Fig. 5 a IDS VG characteristics of GNR FETs with various GNR widths.
Antibody titre was estimated using the formula: titre = dilution/[maximum OD/(OD test serum- minimum OD -1].
Tumour size was measured with callipers and tumour volume was estimated using the formula: volume = (length × width2)/2.
The standard error associated to the free-energy difference was estimated using the formula of Rodríguez-Gómez [51].
The total number of cells was estimated using the formula T = (N × V /t and the volume of the GCL was measured as explained above.
Tumors were measured weekly beginning 1 week after injection with a digital caliper and volumes were estimated using the formula 3.14×[largest diameter× perpendicular diameter)2]/6.
SNP effects were then estimated using the formula V = 2pqa2 where p and q are the frequencies of the minor and major alleles and a is the allelic substitution effect [48].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com