Intensity levels were estimated using questionnaire data from enrollment and measurement data from the published pesticide exposure literature, as follows: intensity level = [(mixing status + application method + equipment repair status) × personal protective equipment use] (Dosemeci et al. 2002).
The initial step in selecting the exposure assessment methods will include an evaluation of whether the exposure at the critical life stage can be reliably estimated using questionnaire data alone or another indirect low-cost, low-burden measure of exposure.
Leisure time physical activity was estimated using a questionnaire containing four physical activity categories: sedentary, moderate, regular, and athletic (11).
Physical activity level was estimated using the questionnaire developed by Baecke et al. [ 19], which takes into count three physical activity domains: occupational, sports and leisure and mobility.
Lifetime physical activity was estimated using a questionnaire that had been tested for reliability [ 38], and used in previous case control studies of breast and prostate cancers [ 39, 40].
The cost of U@Uni was estimated using a questionnaire administered to the staff involved in the development and implementation of the intervention from the Department of Psychology and the Department of Computer Science at the University of Sheffield.
The healthcare resources used by individuals in each arm of the RCT were estimated using a questionnaire given to participants at 6-month follow-up that asked them to report the number of GP visits, hospital inpatient admissions, hospital outpatient attendances, emergency department attendances and ambulance call-outs they had needed during the previous 6 months.
The initial step in selecting the exposure measures will include an evaluation of whether the exposure at the critical life stage can be reliably estimated using only questionnaire data or another indirect low-cost, low-burden measure of exposure (e.g., ambient monitoring data, emissions inventories, time activity logs, consumer product use information) alone.
Recurrence of pterygia was determined by the grading system of Prabhasawat et al (table 1). 4 To evaluate the perioperative change in the subjective issue of conjunctival hyperaemia, severity was estimated using a questionnaire asking patients to rate their symptoms according to a visual analogue scale (VAS), with 0 representing no discomfort and 10, unbearable symptoms.
Our findings also differ from a previous investigation of phytanic acid intake estimated using dietary questionnaire data in the ATBC cohort; in that study, higher intake of phytanic acid, as well as butter and cheese (the richest sources of this fatty acid), was associated with significant elevations in the risk of aggressive prostate cancer [ 23].
