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Assuming a constant change of incidence rates over time, we estimated trends using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) by fitting a regression line to the natural logarithm of the incidence rates as dependent variable, and testing the slope by the t-distribution (number of degree of freedom equals the number of calendar year minus 2).
We estimated trends in 28-day mortality in England following hospital admission for gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
These estimated trends were broken down to linear trends and the sequences of the different types of trends (stagnating, increasing, declining) were classified into patterns.
Population monitoring programs for threatened species are rarely designed to disentangle the effects of movements from changes in birth and death rates on estimated trends in abundance.
For Lake Bosten, the estimated trends, annual and semi-annual variations from the Cryosat and Jason-2 datasets are compared as well.
The coefficient of variation CV is used to address the agreement of the estimated trends among GCMs and projected changes with |CV| > 1 (i.e., 84% probability) are considered as uncertain and are thus omitted5.
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We estimated trend statistics by running separate models including genotype as an ordinal variable.
When the estimated trend varied in a statistically significant way over the period, as occurred in the north region, the trend in each temporal segment is shown.
It is known that scale correction reliably estimates area of occupancy; however, its suitability to estimate trends in area of occupancy has not been assessed.
This study was designed to estimate trends in the number of proximal femoral fractures (PFFs), and consequent bed day requirements and financial implications for England until 2033.
Thus, studies on the level of detoxification enzymes may be necessary to estimate trends in resistance to new compounds.
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