In this study, we estimated the modulation strength N D of the tremor signal as follows: N_{D} = 1 - fleft( {C_{MAX} } right) cdot M + 2 cdot fleft( {C_{MAX} } right) cdot M cdot sin^{k} theta_{T}, (2 where f(C MAX ) is a sigmoid function, M is the modulation depth ((0 le {text{M}} < 1)), k is the order of the powered sine wave, and θ T is the phase of the powered sine wave.
The proposed algorithm transform the problem of estimating the modulation frequency of ionospheric phase contamination into a sparse optimization problem, and solve it by the simple iterative method rapidly to get the modulation frequency.
We estimate the modulation amplitude of the THz electric field ΔE THz with a variation of Φ from the curves given in Figs. 1b and 2b, d.
SDNN24HR was used to estimate the overall modulation of autonomic nervous system function and reflects total variability, whereas rMSSD estimates high-frequency variations in heart rate and primarily reflects parasympathetic activity.
(C ) We estimated the degree of modulation of firing across time relative to an individual lick (gold traces), and relative to an individual bout onset (orange), using multiple linear regression.
It has been estimated that miRNAs could be involved in the modulation of almost all biological processes, including growth, development, cell differentiation and immunity [ 7, 9].
The modulation of alpha activity (8 13 Hz) by the phase of the delta rhythm (0.5 4 Hz) was estimated for each subsegment.
But the modulation of these extremities -- spatial, kinesthetic, logical and financial -- endows the project with total Surrealist glee.
A damped cosine function was fitted to the correlograms as described by König (1994) and used to extract 2 modulation amplitude ratios: one associated with the first satellite in the correlograms, which estimates the strength of oscillatory modulation, and the other one associated with the central peak, which estimates the strength of response synchronization.
We used the area under the curve in the high-frequency range (0.15 0.40 Hz) to estimate parasympathetic modulation of variability.
