The within-family component is used in the second (i.e., testing) stage in the framework of the standard family-based association test, and the resulting P values are weighted using the estimated marker ranking from the screening step.
For RRBLUP and BayesB, the GEBV of a genotyped individual was calculated as the sum of all estimated marker effects according to its marker genotypes [1].
The weighting rule used to construct the TA matrix was based on the expected covariance between individuals on the basis of the estimated marker effects.
We predicted the hybrid performance using the estimated marker effects.
HEM and RRWA estimated marker effects of comparable magnitude.
Thirdly, the estimated marker effects for each SNP were checked for convergence.
The approaches RRWA and RMLA estimated marker effects of identical effect sizes.
The favourable (unfavourable) allele of each marker was determined by the positive (negative) sign of the estimated marker effect.
GEBVs of the validation set were calculated by summing estimated marker allele effects for each DH line.
Hence, the similarity of GWP approaches with respect to predicting genotypic values is not caused by similar estimated marker effects.
