The proportion of GE hospitalizations could not be estimated with certainty since data on the number of screened subjects were not available.
This sloppiness property implies that most of the model parameters cannot be collectively estimated with certainty, even by fitting large amounts of "ideal" data.
Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed study risk of bias and confidence in effect estimates (certainty of evidence) for each outcome using GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation).
In previous studies using this microarray [17], the criteria has been that the M value>1 (the M-value is the log2 of the difference in expression level, so M = 1 means that there was a two-fold change in expression level), and B>0 (B = log odds ratio of expression; the B-value estimates the certainty of DE vs non-certainty of DE, and includes correction for false discovery rate).
Twenty-one of twenty-three pareportedthateportheythat they integrated the probability and the payoff to estimate the certainty equivalent for each bet using a method similar to mathematical expectation.
After the scan, participants were asked whether they integrated the probability and the payoff to estimate the certainty equivalent for each bet by using a method similar to the mathematical expectation in the judgment-based choice task.
Prevalence of dementia is difficult to establish or estimate with certainty, and estimates are affected by differences in study design, disease definition, diagnostic criteria thresholds, and calculation methods e.g. [ 3, 4].
Identification of which and how many genes were available for analysis if the sample size was further reduced was difficult to estimate with certainty given the limited number of samples sizes in our experimental design.
Supply and demand can be estimated with some certainty.
With the aid of a simple analytically tractable theory, we show that an exponential loop-length distribution is advantageous when the distance to the nest can be estimated with some certainty and that a bi-exponential distribution is advantageous when there is considerable uncertainty regarding the nest location.
SPE reserves can be defined as those quantities of petroleum that, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be commercially recoverable, from a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under current economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulation.
