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Another advantage of seasonal differencing over the other methods is that the monthly streamflow is never estimated as negative.
The mode sign no. 3 is estimated with an error (estimated as negative, but should be positive).
Furthermore, contrary to expectations based on the positive phenotypic correlation across species, the genetic correlation between cerebral volume and gyrification within both humans and baboons is estimated as negative.
One of the common problems in fitting the model is that variances may sometimes be estimated as negative or zero (the so-called "Heywood case") [ 31].
Similar(56)
Staining intensity was estimated as follows: negative = 0; weak = 1; intermediate = 2; and strong = 3. Nuclear staining was categorized as negative or weak (0-1:"-") and intermediate-strong (2-3: "+").
Where price is included as an attribute, WTP for a change in attribute levels may be estimated as the negative ratio of the attribute and price parameters.
Moreover, because some subjects are estimated as having negative age values, which is inconsistent with our knowledge of human ages, it will be necessary to include a reasonable constraint on estimated age values in future studies (i.e., truncated to nonnegative values).
Panel B displays information on consumer utility, which is estimated as the negative of the residuals from a regression of prices on store fixed effects; the resulting value can be interpreted as the price of the homogeneous good after controlling for chain heterogeneity.24 This panel shows that no single supermarket yields utilities that are consistently higher or lower than the others.
The A50 for each stock and decade was estimated as the negative intercept divided by the slope of the regression and represented the age at which 50% of the population is mature.
For the remaining values, we follow the tendency modelling approach of Visser et al. [ 17], whereby the elasticities are estimated as the negative of the corresponding stoichiometric coefficients [ 5].
Based on Garcia and Nie's investigations [ 20, 21], positive expression of PRDM1 was defined as nuclear staining in 10% or more of the tumour population and was semiquantitatively estimated as follows: negative (no positive cells or <10%), weak (10%to≤50%0% positive cells), or strong (>50% to 100% positive cells).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com