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Radiation data are estimated as either 1-h or 24-h values.
In these studies, item position effects were estimated as either fixed or random effects using multilevel item response theory (IRT) models within the generalized linear mixed modeling framework.
A similar trend was observed when Fmax was estimated as either 10% or 20% of CFF (Additional file 4).
Variance covariances between provenances were then estimated as either 1− FST or 1− GeoFST, such that expected covariance was greatest between provenances with lowest differentiation.
The concentration of reducing sugar was estimated as either xylose or glucose equivalents by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method according to Miller [ 25].
The alternative treatment was multipass hemodialysis (MPHD) using a dialysate chamber with a volume corresponding to 50% of the patient's total body water (TBW), which was estimated as either 55% (female) or 60% (male) of dry weight.
Similar(51)
Specifically, is replaced by either the "dosage,", with elements defined as the expectation of the allele count ; or a "hard" imputation,, with elements imputed as their maximum a posteriori genotype The simplest approach to modeling missing genotypes within LLARRMA is first to estimate as either or and then subsample as if it were complete.
Damages were estimated as high as $1 million.
Voter turnout tonight was estimated as high as 70percentt.
CAT activity was estimated as follow.
Then can be estimated as: (10).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com