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Fourier series can produce a smooth seasonal pattern with a significant reduction in the number of parameters to be estimated as compared to dummy variables [6].
In a prospective observational study, a good correlation of estimated as compared with observed baseline values was found for patients without chronic kidney disease [ 31].
aEach medical issue in antenatal and perinatal periods among adolescents aged ≤15 and 16 19 years was estimated as compared with adult mothers aged 20 24 years.
That is, when data were unavailable, indicator scores were on average more often estimated as compared to calculated (Est = 91%; Cal = 9%).
A greater transmissibility of HPV has been estimated as compared to other sexually transmitted infections, such as HIV and type 2 herpes simplex[ 11].
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It is shown that the time-domain SM procedure provides more accurate median EDP estimates as compared to the ASCE/SEI 7-10 amplitude scaling procedure; however, it critically vanishes the variability of EDPs associated with aleatoric uncertainty in ground motion records.
By modelling the residual variance per cluster through an appropriate variance structure (i.e., the varIdent structure) we were able to account for this variability in the data, which resulted in a model with smaller standard errors for the parameter estimates as compared to the other tested models (Table 1).
In the majority of cases, the new calibration approach generated similar prevalence point estimates as compared to the previous method.
On the whole the absolute error of the SPLASSO estimates as compared to ground truth are smaller and less variable than the corresponding LASSO estimates (with the exception of a few locations).
By modelling the residual variance per cluster through an appropriate variance structure (i.e., the varIdent structure) we were able to account for this variability in the data, which resulted in a model with smaller standard errors for the parameter estimates as compared to the other tested models (Table 1).
Although the relative risk of serious GI complications with diclofenac was estimated as low compared with other NSAIDs [ 122], the hazard of developing gastric/duodenal ulcers and upper GI perforation and bleeding was not eliminated with the use of enteric-coated or extended-release tablets [ 123].
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com