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Following the frog line transect survey (see above), the cover of submerged vegetation in a 1 m wide strip from the water's edge in the water part of each transect was estimated and assigned to one of 11 categories: 1 (0%), 2(1%–10%), 3 (11 20%),sing the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) [68], [69], after fitting the full model.
Likelihood ratio (XP-CLR) was estimated and assigned to each 20-kb window [ 13].
Inter-individual genetic distances are first estimated and assigned to landscape coordinates at midpoints of each Delaunay triangulation edge.
Tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor was expressed in the cytoplasm and the percentage of positive tumour cells in each core was estimated and assigned values of 0, 5 or multiples of 10%.
The relative frequencies of positively stained cells in the articular tissue were estimated and assigned an expression score on a scale of 0 to 4: 0, negative cells; 0.5, less than 1%; 1, 1% to 5%; 2, 5% to 20%; 3, 20% to 50%; and 4, more than 50% positively stained cells.
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As the field of air pollution epidemiology has grown, so has the breadth and complexity of the literature, which now encompasses many different study designs, methods to estimate and assign exposure, and statistical approaches [ 1, 2].
The idea is simply to augment the state vector with the parameters to be estimated and assign invariant dynamics for the time evolution of the parameters.
Latent Class Analysis (LCA) employs a model-based approach in which probabilities of cluster membership are estimated, and individuals are assigned to the cluster for which their membership probability is highest.
Fragment sizes were estimated and alleles were assigned using the program GENESCAN 3.7 (Applied Biosystems).
The posterior probability of membership for each trajectory was estimated, and individuals were assigned to their highest probability trajectory best conforming to their z scores.
The mean-variance trend for log-counts was estimated and a weight assigned to each observation based on its predicted variance.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com