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For the estimators of Table 1 for which no analytical estimator of the standard error of the estimate of the population mean from any sample was available, the estimate was determined using bootstrapping.
This estimate was determined using the UV-Visual Echelle Spectrograph of the Very Large Telescope to measure the relative strengths of spectral lines caused by the presence of thorium and other elements created by the R-process.
Odds ratios were calculated and a pooled estimate was determined using the Mantel–Haenszel method.
The distribution-based CID estimate was determined using the between-participant baseline SD and the SEM within-participant methods to estimate the CID scores [ 38].
Similar(56)
Accordingly, if there is no previous estimate available, the very first pitch estimate is determined using the unmodified | Φ ̂ i ℓ [ n ] | in Equation 13.
To build the model the following priors are chosen:, and, ; the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate is determined using a multistarting Nelder Mead optimization algorithm (Nelder and Mead, 1965).
The significance of FST estimates was determined using 15,000 randomizations of genotypes among samples [54].
The impact of study characteristics on prevalence estimates was determined using meta-regression models.
The parameter estimates are determined using maximum likelihood estimation.
Linear equations [f(x)], coefficients of determination (r 2 ), degrees of freedom (df), and p-value estimates were determined using Statistica 9.1 (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA).
Regional parameter estimates are determined using a maximum likelihood approach, which is carried out with the assumption of second-order nonstationarity.
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