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In order to estimate the force needed to break an actin filament, we model the filaments as flexible rods with bending rigidity EI = 60 nN μm, determined from the persistence length of actin: lp = EI/ kT) = 15 μm (Yanagida et al., 1984).
In order to estimate the force needed to bend the actin filament, we model it as a flexible rod with bending rigidity EI = 60 nN μm, determined from the persistence length of actin: lp = EI/ kT) = 15 μm (Yanagida et al., 1984).
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A critical friction force is the force needed to pull out a film on a substrate.
We measured the force needed to free the fruits using a Chatillon® DEM 50 force gauge.
This frictional force could incorrectly increase the force needed to break the metaphysis.
"So it's 'Let's go work on the Marines.' The Marines are digging in and are not going to go" — that is, not going to lower estimates of the forces needed.
It is important to reasonably estimate the cutting force needed on the excavator blade, which will help to improve the design and reduce the wear of the equipment so that higher working efficiency can be achieved.
DXA-based in vivo 2D measurements were used to estimate the fall forces needed for fracture in bending by Yoshikawa et al. [39].
This estimated extra amount of force needed in stonewort individuals to obtain the same speed as reed individuals was calculated to be 17.3%.
The 6,500-strong PSNI is currently 600 officers down on the number the ex-Conservative cabinet minister and police reformer Chris Patten estimated the force would need when it was transformed from the old Royal Ulster Constabulary.
For Reynolds numbers greater than 0.1, the drag force needs to be estimated using friction factor.
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