Therefore, the publication date of the oldest publication, estimating the length of publication history, and the number of publications, estimating the breadth of publication history, were examined for each gene using the Entrez Gene Feb 2007 dataset (Table 2).
For each accession number in the dog RefSeq database to which at least one fox read mapped, we estimated the breadth of coverage of dog transcripts by fox reads.
To describe environmental specialization, we used the outlying mean index analysis57 to estimate the niche breadth, calculated as s.d. of environmental space used by each species in the initial period along the main axes of the outlying mean index, including three environmental variables (slope, elevation and upstream downstream position).
To estimate the expression breadth, we calculated the Shannon entropy as S = − sum(Pi × ln(Pi)).
To estimate the expression breadth, we calculated the Shannon entropy as S = −sum (P i x ln(P i)), where P i is the proportion of expression in tissue i, and P i = E i/T; E i is the expression of the gene in tissue i and T (total expression) is the sum of all expression values for tissues (1, …, i).
The latest estimates dramatize the breadth of the nation's growing diversity, even as nearly one third of the people whom the census classifies as members of minorities live in California and Texas.
Testimony in committee hearings showed cases of dead people casting ballots for Obama, but estimates on the breadth of voter fraud differ dramatically.
We also estimated the temporal breadth of expression in leaves and flowers as the number of developmental time points in which the gene was expressed at a level larger than 75.
Using the well-known Scherrer equation, the sizes of magnetite nanoparticles (D, nm) were estimated based on the breadth at half-peak height of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) line corresponding to (311) reflections for the freshly prepared and modified SCWA samples (Table 4).
The realized coverage of the CIs is driven by the interplay of two factors: the value of the estimates
