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We therefore used the model parameter estimate that describes the rate of decline in the relative risk, and the risks of each type of macular degeneration for smokers relative to never-smokers[ 2] to calculate the risk, each year after quitting, of neovascular macular degeneration and geographic atrophy, for an ex-smoker relative to a current smoker, using the following formulae.
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But as the Iraq momentum grew, Mr. Tenet approved a "national intelligence estimate" that described a fearsome set of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction and programs to build more.
From these choices, a mathematical function is estimated that describes numerically the value that respondents attach to different choice options.
A main genomic mutation parameter is estimated that describes the average number of synonymous changes genome wide, and then departures from this main effect at the gene level are explored in the framework of a log linear model.
With regard to the time required for generating the descriptors, we estimated that describing a single Spin Image (with a window size of 15) costs us 0.61 ms, while our descriptor only takes 0.34 ms to compute, thus demonstrating the fact that our descriptor is extremely fast to compute.
In the RSM and the PCM, measures are also estimated that describe the functioning of the response scale.
Since much smaller probabilities are needed in the context of critical real-time systems, EVT is used to estimate the function that describes the rightmost tail of the execution time distribution.
ROC analysis estimates a curve that describes the inherent trade-off between sensitivity and specificity of a prediction tool.
We need to identify this boundary, which is equivalent to estimating the function that describes the boundary shape and placement in the image.
Surveys of animal populations are often designed to either demonstrate freedom from disease or to estimate parameters that describe the population, such as disease prevalence, proportion of vaccinated animals, or average animal weight and value.
These internal standards are used to robustly estimate parameters that describe some features of the experimental system, such as the pattern of genes expressed distinctly from background, cohort of stably expressed genes, or genes displaying similar dynamic behavior.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com